Stabilised dye composition

ABSTRACT

A composition of a water-soluble bis-azo dye of the Formula (1) and an oxidising agent. ##STR1## wherein A is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted naphthyl; 
     B is optionally substituted phenylene or optionally substituted naphthylene; 
     R 1  is H or sulpho; 
     R 2  is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl; 
     R 3  is H, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or a group, -D-E, 
     D is optionally substituted C 2-6  -alkylene; and 
     E is a group of the Formula (1a): ##STR2## R 4  &amp; R 5  each independently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; and 
     R 6  is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl.

This application is A371 of PCT/ GB96/01561 filed Jun. 28, 1996 which designated U.S.

This invention relates to a bis-azo dye composition containing a stabilising agent to protect the dye against decomposition.

It has been found that certain bis-azo dyes, especially such dyes containing carboxy and/or piperazino groups, are useful as colorants of inks for ink jet printing onto paper substrates because they combine good solubility in an aqueous ink medium with good water-fastness on the paper substrate. However, it has also been found that such dyes are susceptible to decomposition, especially when they are stored at an elevated temperature (e.g. above 50° C.) in a de-aerated solution in such a way as to prevent contact with oxygen, e.g. in an ink jet printing cartridge. It is believed that this decomposition is due to minor amounts of impurities and/or by-products of the dye preparation process which are difficult to remove by commercial purification methods and it has been found that such decomposition can be reduced by the addition of an oxidising agent.

According to the present invention there is provided a composition of a water-soluble bis-azo dye of the Formula (1) and an oxidising agent, ##STR3## wherein A is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted naphthyl;

B is optionally substituted phenylene or optionally substituted naphthylene;

R¹ is H or sulpho;

R² is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl;

R³ is H, optionally substituted aryl, optionally substituted alkyl or a group, -D-E;

D is optionally substituted C₂₋₆ -alkylene; and

E is a group of the Formula (1a): ##STR4## R⁴ & R⁵ each independently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; and

R⁶ is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl.

It is preferred that the compound of Formula (1) has at least as many carboxy (--COOH) groups as sulpho (--SO₂ OH) groups, more preferably not more than 2 --SO₂ OH groups and especially 1 or 2 --SO₂ OH groups. It is preferred that the compound of Formula (1) has from 1 to 3, and especially 2 or 3--COOH groups. Overall it is preferred that the compound of Formula (1) contains a total of from 2 to 5 --COOH and --SO₂ OH groups and especially 3 or 4 such groups.

When A is substituted it preferably carries from one to three, especially one or two substituents selected from:

carboxy; sulpho; --OH; --CN; --NO₂ ; --PO(OH)₂ ; --B(OH)₂ ;

halo, preferably --Cl;

alkyl, preferably C₁₋₄ -alkyl and especially methyl;

alkoxy, preferably C₁₋₄ -alkoxy and especially methoxy;

--COOR⁷, --SO₂ R⁷ or --COR⁷, wherein R⁷ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ -alkyl or optionally substituted aryl;

optionally substituted amino, preferably --NQ¹ Q² wherein Q¹ and Q² are each independently H or optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted aryl, or Q¹ and Q², taken together with the N atom to which they are attached, form an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered ring; and

acylamino, especially alkyl- or aryl-carbonylamino or alkyl- or aryl-sulphonylamino, more especially C₁₋₄ -alkyl-CONH--or C₁₄ -alkyl-SO₂ NH--.

It is further preferred that A carries at least one, and more preferably, two carboxy groups. It is also preferred that R¹ is H.

It is especially preferred that A is carboxyphenyl or carboxynaphthyl, especially 3- or 4-carboxyphenyl group or carboxyphenyl having one or two further substituents, especially one, selected from carboxy, sulpho, methyl, methoxy and chloro. Examples of optionally substituted phenyl and naphthyl groups represented by A are 4-carboxyphenyl, 3-carboxy-phenyl, 3,5-dicarboxyphenyl, 3,4-dicarboxyphenyl, 2-methyl-5-carboxy-phenyl, 2-sulpho-5-carboxyphenyl, 4-carboxynaphth-1-yl, 5-carboxynaphth-1-yl, 6-carboxynaphth-1-yl, 7-carboxynaphth-1-yl, 6-carboxynaphth-2-yl and 1-sulpho-6-carboxynaphth-2-yl.

When R², R³, R⁶, R⁷, Q² or Q² is or includes optionally substituted alkyl it is preferably C₁₋₄ -alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl; optionally substituted by C₁₋₄ -alkoxy, especially methoxy or ethoxy; halo, especially chloro, OR⁸ ; COOR⁸ or --SO₂ OH in which R⁸ is H, C₁₋₄ -alkyl or phenyl. When R², R³, R⁶, R⁷, Q¹ or Q² is or includes optionally substituted aryl this is preferably phenyl, optionally substituted, preferably in the 2-, 3-, 4-, 2,4-, 3,4- or 3,5- positions, by a group or groups selected from C₁₋₄ -alkyl, C₁₋₄ -alkoxy, halo, OH, NH₂, CN, NO₂, --COOH and --SO₂ OH. When Q¹ and Q₂, taken together with the N atom to which they are attached, form an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered ring this is preferably a piperazine, morpholine or piperidine ring optionally substituted by any of the substituents mentioned above for Q¹ where this is alkyl.

When B is optionally substituted naphthylene, this is preferably naphth-1,4-ylene or naphth-1,4-ylene carrying one or two --COOH or --SO₂ OH groups in the 6- and/or 7-positions. However, where the naphthylene contains a single substituent, it is generally more convenient to employ a mixture of isomeric compounds of Formula (1) in one of which the --COOH or --SO₂ OH (in the naphth-1,4-ylene group represented by B) is in the 6-position and in the other it is in the 7-position.

When B is substituted phenylene it is preferably of the formula (2) ##STR5## wherein Q³ is NQ⁵ Q⁶, optionally substituted alkyl or optionally substituted alkoxy;

Q⁴ is H, halo, --COOH, --SO₂ OH, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted alkoxy, or optionally substituted alkylthio;

Q⁵ is H or alkyl; and

Q⁶ is H, alkyl or acyl.

Where Q³ is NQ⁵ Q⁶, Q⁵ is preferably H or C₁₋₄ -alkyl, such as methyl or ethyl and more especially, H. Where Q⁶ is alkyl this is preferably C₁₋₄ -alkyl. Where Q⁶ is acyl it is preferably NH₂ CO--, R⁹ CO-- or R⁹ SO₂ --, wherein R⁹ is optionally substituted C₁₋₄ -alkyl, especially methyl, or optionally substituted aryl, especially phenyl. Where Q⁶ is other than H, and especially where it is acyl, Q⁵ is preferably H.

Where Q³ is optionally substituted alkyl or alkoxy, it is preferably C₁₋₄ -alkyl such as methyl or ethyl or C₁₋₄ -alkoxy such as methoxy or ethoxy. It is especially preferred that Q³ is methyl or methoxy.

It is preferred that Q⁴ is C₁₋₄ -alkyl, C₁₋₄ -alkoxy, C₁₋₄ -alkylthio, Cl, H, COOH or, SO₂ OH, more preferably C₁₋₄ -alkyl, such as methyl or ethyl, or C₁₋₄ -alkoxy, such as methoxy or ethoxy. It is especially preferred that Q⁴ is H, methyl or methoxy.

When R² or R⁶ is optionally substituted acyl this is preferably alkyl or aryl carboxy, or alkyl or aryl sulphonyl in which the alkyl or aryl groups may be substituted as hereinbefore described.

It is preferred that R² and R⁶ each independently is H, C₁₋₄ -alkyl, C₁₋₄ -alkylcarbonyl, C₁₋₄ -alkoxycarbonyl or phenylcarbonyl. Examples of such groups are methyl, ethyl, acetyl, methoxycarbonyl, ethoxycarbonyl and benzoyl. It is especially preferred that R² is H or C₁₋₄ -alkyl and R⁶ is H, C₁₋₄ -alkyl, C₁₋₄ -alkyl-carbonyl, C₁₋₄ -alkoxycarbonyl or benzoyl and more especially that R² and R⁶ are both H. It is preferred that R⁴ and R⁵ are each independently H or C₁₋₄ -alkyl and more especially that both are H.

When R⁴ or R⁵ is substituted each substituent is preferably selected from --COOH, --COOR⁸, --SO₂ OH, OH, C₁₋₄ -alkoxy and halo, especially chloro. It is however preferred that R⁴ and R⁵ are unsubstituted.

Where D is optionally substituted C₂₋₆ -alkylene th substituents may be selected from those described above for A.

The C₂₋₆ -alkylene group represented by D is preferably a C₂ - or C₃ -alkylene group, especially ethylene, isopropylene or n-propylene, and is preferably unsubstituted.

A preferred compound of Formula (1) is where A is optionally substituted carboxyphenyl wherein any further substituent is selected from --COOH, --SO₂ OH, methyl, methoxy, chloro and hydroxy, especially 3- or 4-carboxyphenyl or 3,4- or 3,5-dicarboxyphenyl; each of R¹ and R⁶ is H; D is ethylene or propylene; and E is piperazinyl. An especially preferred compound of Formula (1) is where A is 3- or 4-carboxyphenyl or 3,4- or 3,5-dicarboxyphenyl; B is 2,5-dimethoxyphen-1,4-ylene, 2-methoxy-5-methylphen-1,4-ylene, 2-aminophen-1,4-ylene, 2-amino-5-methoxyphen-1,4-ylene, naphth-1,4-ylene or 7-sulphonaphth-1,4-ylene, D is eth-1,2-ylene, prop-1,2-ylene, or prop-1,3-ylene; E is piperazin-1-yl and each of R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ is H.

The oxidising agent is conveniently selected from halo-oxides, such as periodates, iodates, chlorates and chlorites; persulphates; peroxides, peracids; percarbonates in the free acid or salt forms and especially in the form of alkali metal such as Na or K or ammonium salts and quinones. Examples of such acids and salts are KIO₄, KIO₃, NaOCl, (NH₄)₂ S₂ O₈, 3-chloroperbenzoic acid, peracetic acid, perbenzoic acid, K₂ S₂ O₈ and mixed salts such as 2KHSO₅.KHSO₄.K₂ SO₄ (available as "oxone" from Aldrich Chemical Co) and tetrachlorobenzoquinone.

To give a reasonable level of protection against decomposition of the dye, the composition preferably contains at least 1% of oxidising agent by weight with respect to the dye and in order to minimise the risk of oxidative decomposition of the dye by the oxidising agent the composition preferably does not contain more than about 10% of the oxidising agent. However, more preferably the composition contains from 3% to 7% and especially around 4% to 5% oxidising agent, all by weight with respect to the dye. The composition may be dry and contain only the dye and oxidising agent or it may contain other ingredients such as liquid media and/or solvents preservatives and formulating agents which are conventionally added to an ink. The composition is preferably in the form of a solution of the dye and oxidising agent in an aqueous medium especially a mixture of water and water miscible liquids such as alcohols, glycols etc such liquid media are described more fully in EP 559,310A which may also contain any or all the other ingredients normally present in an ink, especially an ink jet printing ink.

According to a further feature of the present invention there is provided a process for reducing decomposition of a composition comprising a water-soluble bis azo dye of Formula (1) comprising treating the composition with an oxidising agent.

According to a further feature of the present invention there is provided the use of an oxidising agent to reduce decomposition in a composition comprising a water soluble bis azo dye of Formula (1).

The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in which all parts and percentages are by weight unless otherwise indicated.

EXAMPLE 1

A 5% solution of a dye of Formula ##STR6## in water was prepared. Two portions (50ml) of this solution were placed in 60 ml glass bottles (marked A & B) and 0.1g of KIO₄ added to bottle A and thoroughly mixed with the solution therein. A sample from both bottles was analysed by TLC. Both bottles were then sealed and held at 70° C. for 7 days. After breaking the seals, both solutions were analysed by TLC and for colour strength (O.D.) with the following results

    ______________________________________     Solution     TLC Analysis Optical Density     ______________________________________     Dye + KIO.sub.4                  No change    -10%     Dye          No Dye remaining                               -100%     ______________________________________

These results indicate that the addition of the periodate solution preserves Dye 1 against thermal degradation.

EXAMPLE 2

The procedure of Example 1 was repeated except that the following dye was used:

    ______________________________________      ##STR7##     Solution      Optical Density     ______________________________________     Dye + KIO.sub.4                   <-1%     Dye           -10%     ______________________________________ 

We claim:
 1. A composition of a water-soluble bis-azo dye of the Formula ( 1) and an oxidising agent, ##STR8## wherein A is optionally substituted phenyl or optionally substituted naphthyl;B is optionally substituted phenylene or optionally substituted naphthylene; R¹ is H or sulpho; R² is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl; R³ is a group of the formula -D-E; D is optionally substituted C₂₋₆ -alkylene; and E is a group of the Formula (1a): ##STR9## R⁴ & R⁵ each independently is H or optionally substituted alkyl; andR⁶ is H, optionally substituted alkyl, optionally substituted aryl or optionally substituted acyl.
 2. A composition according to claim 1 wherein:A is optionally substituted carboxyphenyl; R¹ and R⁶ are each H; D is ethylene or propylene; and E is piperazinyl.
 3. A composition according to claim 1 wherein:A is 3-carboxyphenyl, 4-carboxyphenyl, 3,4-dicarboxyphenyl or 3,5-dicarboxyphenyl; B is 2-methoxy-5-methylphen-1,4-ylene, 2-aminophen-1,4-ylene, 2-amino-5-methoxyphen-1,4-ylene, naphth-1,4-ylene or 7-sulphonaphth-1,4-ylene; D is eth-1,2-ylene, prop-1,2-ylene, or prop-1,3-ylene; E is piperazin-1-yl; andeach of R¹, R², R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ is H.
 4. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in which the oxidising agent is selected from a halo-oxide, persulphate, peroxide, peracid, percarbonate in a free acid or salt form and quinone.
 5. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in which the oxidising agent is selected from an alkali metal or ammonium periodate, iodate, chlorite, chlorate, persulphate, peroxide and percarbonate or is tetrachlorobenzoquinone.
 6. A composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 in which the composition contains from 1% to 10% of oxidising agent.
 7. A process for reducing decomposition of a composition comprising a water-soluble bis azo dye of Formula (1) comprising treating the composition with an oxidising agent. 